Audio Forensic Blog — Case Notes, Methods & Guides
The Audio Forensic Blog at audioforensicexpert.eu publishes case notes and technical guides on recorded evidence, forensic audio methods, codecs, spectrograms, auditory perception and voice analysis. The articles explain specific technical questions and methodological limits, helping readers understand what an examination can and cannot establish.
Editorial content for an international English-language audience outside Italy · Last modified: 29 September 2026
Browse the Audio Forensic Blog by Topic
The guides below are grouped by technical question so that file-integrity issues, acoustic interpretation and voice-related case material remain clearly separated. For the examination framework used across these topics, see the forensic audio methodology and best-practice references.
File Integrity, Encoding and Authentication
These articles explain how a file may change through recording, export, compression, conversion or extraction, and why those traces must be interpreted in context rather than treated as automatic proof of manipulation.
- Codec Lineage in Forensic Audio— encoding, transcoding and re-encoding history.
- Audio Artifacts— compression, acquisition, processing and playback artifacts.
- Audio Extracted from Video— direct stream separation versus derived files.
- How to Read a Spectrogram in Forensic Audio— cautious interpretation of time-frequency patterns.
For a case-specific integrity or editing question, see Audio Authentication.
Speech, Hearing and Acoustic Interpretation
These guides address how sound is perceived and how ambiguous or impulsive acoustic events should be described without turning a listening impression or a single visual feature into a forensic conclusion.
- Auditory Pareidolia in Audio Recordings— expectation, ambiguity and perceptual interpretation.
- Human Hearing and Sound Perception— sensitivity, masking, loudness and listening limits.
- Does a Hand Clap Generate a Shock Wave? A Forensic Audio Case Study— de-identified case study on disputed impulsive sounds, competing acoustic hypotheses and interpretation limits.
If the practical issue is speech clarity in a degraded recording, see Forensic Audio Restoration.
Voice Analysis and Case-Based Examination
Case-based material shows how acoustic-temporal or voice observations can be documented while keeping descriptive findings separate from unsupported conclusions about identity, truthfulness or responsibility.
- Garlasco Case: Multidisciplinary Analysis of Public Interviews— descriptive voice, speech-density and non-verbal observations from public material.
For questioned-versus-reference speaker material, see Forensic Voice Comparison. For suspected synthetic or cloned speech, see Deepfake Audio Analysis.
For matters involving report review, technical strategy or several overlapping audio questions, see Legal Audio Consulting.
Can a hand clap produce a shock wave? This case study compares published research with waveform, spectrogram and transient observations, explaining the limits of identifying an impulsive sound from a recording.
How can re-encoding and conversion shape an audio file’s history? Explore containers, codecs, resampling and double-encoding traces, with examples showing why an uncompressed WAV does not necessarily represent the original recording.
A multidisciplinary study of public interviews in the Garlasco case, examining speech density, pauses, phonation and nonverbal observations. The article separates measurable features from interpretation and explains why they do not establish deception or responsibility.
Clipping, compression, aliasing, packet loss and processing can leave different artifacts in recordings. This guide explains their causes and how to assess them without treating every unusual sound as evidence of editing.
Stream copy, decoding to PCM and re-encoding produce different relationships between an audio derivative and its source video. Learn what each operation preserves, what can change and why keeping the source video matters.
Why can ambiguous noise seem to contain words or voices? Explore auditory pareidolia, the influence of priming and expectation, and the limits of subjective listening when interpreting forensic recordings.
How do the ear and brain turn sound into perception? This guide introduces frequency, pitch, loudness, masking and spatial cues, with attention to the difficulties of understanding speech in noise.
Read a spectrogram by distinguishing time, frequency and level, then examine harmonics, noise and transients. The guide explains how display settings affect interpretation and why a visual pattern alone is not a forensic conclusion.